In the UK, human-made air pollution is said to account for the equivalent of around 28,000 to 36,000 deaths each year. Long-term exposure (over several years) reduces life expectancy, mainly due to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases and from lung cancer. Recent research suggests other health consequences are linked too, including low birth weight and dementia. Shorter-term exposure (hours or days) is associated with eye, nose and throat irritations, as well as higher risks from reduced lung function and asthma.
The research below that was carried out in Wales also shows that people living in the most deprived parts of Wales may also be more susceptible to air pollution than those who live in least deprived areas.